Cellular phones function as two-way radios, transmitting and receiving signals when the user is within the coverage area of their service provider’s antennas.  These antennas are typically located on towers, buildings, or other structures, and are referred to as cell sites.  A cellular service provider operates a network of these cell sites, which may overlap or cover different geographic areas.  Each cell site may house one or more antennas to handle communication.  As the user moves, the device can seamlessly transition from one cell to another, provided that the new cell site is within range, operational, and capable of handling the network traffic.  This ability to switch between cells is a key component of maintaining continuous service, even when users are on the move.

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